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Clinical Pathology List

Assesses the movement of sperm cells under a microscope, which helps determine sperm motility and fertility potential.

Microscopy

Semen

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Identifies other cells present in the sample, such as white blood cells, which can indicate infection or inflammation.

Macroscopy

Semen

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Measures the pH level to assess its acidity or alkalinity, as changes in pH can affect sperm quality and overall health.

double indicator principle

Semen

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Counts the number of sperm cells per milliliter of semen to evaluate sperm concentration and diagnose potential male infertility.

Microscopy

Semen

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Assesses the semen's viscosity after ejaculation to check if it liquefies normally, which is crucial for sperm mobility.

Liquefaction

Semen

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Evaluates the physical properties of the sample's consistency to detect any abnormalities that could affect fertility.

Macroscopy

Semen

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Measures the total volume to evaluate glandular secretions and identify any deficiencies that could affect fertility.

Macroscopy

Semen

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Detects the presence of abnormal cells in the sample, which can indicate infections or gastrointestinal disorders.

Microscopy Concentration method

Stool

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Evaluates the physical properties of stool, such as color, texture, and the presence of blood or mucus, to identify potential digestive or systemic issues.

Macroscopy

Stool

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Detects parasitic cysts in stool samples, indicating possible intestinal infections.

Microscopy Concentration method

Stool

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Identifies parasitic eggs, which may indicate intestinal parasitic infections.

Microscopy Concentration method

Stool

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Detects parasitic organisms in stool samples, helping diagnose infections like amoebiasis or giardiasis.

Microscopy Concentration method

Stool

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Measures the pH of the sample to assess digestive function and detect conditions like malabsorption or bacterial overgrowth.

Chemical

Stool

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Detects reducing substances in stool, which can indicate carbohydrate malabsorption, often seen in conditions like lactose intolerance.

Chemical

Stool

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Tests for hidden blood in the stool, which can indicate conditions such as colorectal cancer, ulcers, or gastrointestinal bleeding.

Two Field Guaiac Method

Stool

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Detects specific proteins in urine, which are indicative of plasma cell disorders or other conditions like multiple myeloma.

Heat Method

Urine

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Tests for the presence of bile salts in urine, which can indicate liver dysfunction or bile duct obstructions.

Sulphur Powder Method

Urine

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Detects the presence of bilirubin, indicating liver disease, jaundice, or biliary obstruction.

Fouchet's Method

Urine

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Tests for bilirubin using a chemical reaction to identify liver dysfunction or hemolytic anemia.

Diazotized Dichloroaniline method

Urine

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Detects blood in urine, which can indicate urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or trauma.

Peroxidase-like activity of hemoglobin

Urine

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Assesses the color of urine, which can provide insights into hydration levels, dietary factors, or potential kidney and liver issues.

Physical

Urine

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Tests for glucose in urine to diagnose conditions such as diabetes or other metabolic disorders.

Benedict's Method

Urine

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Uses a strip test to detect glucose levels in urine, helping diagnose conditions like diabetes or kidney disorders.

GOD-POD

Urine

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Detects ketones in urine, which can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis or fasting/starvation states.

Rotheras Test

Urine

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Uses a strip to detect ketones in urine, aiding in the diagnosis of metabolic disorders such as ketosis or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Nitroprusside reaction

Urine

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Measures the pH of urine to assess the body's acid-base balance and kidney function.

pH Paper

Urine

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Uses a strip to detect pH levels, helping assess renal function and metabolic conditions.

Methyl red / Bromothymol blue Method

Urine

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Detects protein in urine, which can indicate kidney disease, urinary tract infections, or hypertension.

Heat Method

Urine

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Uses a strip test to detect protein, helping diagnose conditions like nephrotic syndrome or glomerulonephritis.

protein error of pH principle ( Strip Method)

Urine

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Examines urine under a microscope to detect abnormalities such as red blood cells, pus cells, epithelial cells, urinary casts, or crystals, which can indicate kidney disease or infections.

Microscopy

Urine

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Assesses the physical properties of urine sediment, which may contain cells, crystals, or casts indicative of urinary tract or kidney conditions.

Physical

Urine

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Measures urine specific gravity to assess kidney function, hydration status, and renal concentrating ability.

based on pka change

Urine

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Detects urobilinogen levels in urine, which can help diagnose liver disease, hemolysis, or obstructive jaundice.

Modified Ehrlichal™s reaction

Urine

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Evaluates the shape and structure of sperm cells under a microscope to diagnose infertility issues related to abnormal sperm morphology.

Microscopy : Papanicolaou Stain

Semen

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Measures specific substances in the sample to assess the function of the seminal vesicles, as certain compounds are produced by them and are essential for sperm motility.

Resorcinol method

Semen

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Assesses the general appearance of the sample to detect abnormalities like color, consistency, and volume, which may indicate conditions such as infection or hormonal imbalances.

Macroscopy

Semen

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